✓
Passing This code compiles and runs correctly.
Code
// NESTING SWEEP — a user-defined multi-branch variant (found/missing, a
// record payload) DESTRUCTURED with a `when` guard, nested UNDER a for-each
// `! each` iteration body. Every construct in the sweep so far nests either
// a built-in obligation view (from-page's `ok s`, opaque, single-field) or a
// payload-less branch (if's then/else) under for-each — never a real,
// user-declared record-payload variant matched with `{ name, age }`
// destructure and a `when age > 40` guard, one level deep inside `! each`.
//
// Grounds: branch-payload destructure + when-guard on a real record-payload
// event — found/missing shape and the guard itself —
// 020_016_destructure_basic/input.kz:8-10,18 (`| found { name, age: i64 }
// when age > 40`); the `.k`-pure bare-name destructure form `{ a }` (no
// re-typed field) — 210_148_destructure_valid_fields/input.k:8,14
// (`| ok { a: i32, b: u8 }` declared, `| ok { a } |>` consumed); the event's
// OWN implementation dispatching via `if(...)` + `=>` branch construction,
// reading the event's own param directly (`if(n > 0)`) —
// 020_028_loop_exit_arrow_return/input.k:15-23 (`step = if(n > 0) | then =>
// more {...} | else => done acc`); for-each `! each i |> ... | done |> _`
// itself — 670_030_foreach_under_flow_head/input.k:7-9 (baseline, this same
// cluster). id=0,2 -> missing ("nope"); id=1 -> found{name:"lars",age:44},
// 44>40 so the guarded arm fires ("elder lars 44").
import std/io
tor fetch { id: i64 }
| found { name: string, age: i64 }
| missing
fetch = if(id == 1)
| then => found { name: "lars", age: 44 }
| else => missing
for(0..3)
! each i |> fetch(id: @as(i64, @intCast(i)))
| found { name, age } when age > 40 |> std/io:print.ln("elder {{ name:s }} {{ age:d }}")
| found { name, age } |> std/io:print.ln("younger {{ name:s }} {{ age:d }}")
| missing |> std/io:print.ln("nope")
Actual
nope
elder lars 44
nope
Expected output
✓ Zig✓ C#nope
elder lars 44
nope
Emitted Zig source
// Access compiler flags via the per-user compiler_env module
const CompilerEnv = @import("compiler_env").CompilerEnv;
pub const panic = if (@import("builtin").mode == .Debug)
@import("std").debug.FullPanic(@import("std").debug.defaultPanic)
else
@import("std").debug.simple_panic;
const __koru_bare = struct {
extern fn posix_memalign(memptr: *?*anyopaque, alignment: usize, size: usize) c_int;
extern fn free(ptr: ?*anyopaque) void;
fn bareAlloc(_: *anyopaque, len: usize, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize) ?[*]u8 {
var p: ?*anyopaque = null;
const a = @max(alignment.toByteUnits(), @sizeOf(usize));
if (posix_memalign(&p, a, len) != 0) return null;
return @ptrCast(p);
}
fn bareResize(_: *anyopaque, _: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize, _: usize) bool { return false; }
fn bareRemap(_: *anyopaque, _: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize, _: usize) ?[*]u8 { return null; }
fn bareFree(_: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, _: @import("std").mem.Alignment, _: usize) void { free(@ptrCast(memory.ptr)); }
const vtable = @import("std").mem.Allocator.VTable{ .alloc = bareAlloc, .resize = bareResize, .remap = bareRemap, .free = bareFree };
const allocator = @import("std").mem.Allocator{ .ptr = undefined, .vtable = &vtable };
};
const __koru_backing = if (@import("builtin").link_libc) @import("std").heap.c_allocator else if (@import("builtin").os.tag == .freestanding) __koru_bare.allocator else @import("std").heap.page_allocator;
var __koru_leak_count: @import("std").atomic.Value(usize) = .init(0);
fn __koru_alloc(ctx: *anyopaque, len: usize, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, ret_addr: usize) ?[*]u8 {
_ = ctx;
const r = __koru_backing.rawAlloc(len, alignment, ret_addr);
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) {
if (r != null) _ = __koru_leak_count.fetchAdd(1, .monotonic);
}
return r;
}
fn __koru_resize(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, new_len: usize, ret_addr: usize) bool {
_ = ctx;
return __koru_backing.rawResize(memory, alignment, new_len, ret_addr);
}
fn __koru_remap(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, new_len: usize, ret_addr: usize) ?[*]u8 {
_ = ctx;
return __koru_backing.rawRemap(memory, alignment, new_len, ret_addr);
}
fn __koru_free(ctx: *anyopaque, memory: []u8, alignment: @import("std").mem.Alignment, ret_addr: usize) void {
_ = ctx;
__koru_backing.rawFree(memory, alignment, ret_addr);
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) {
_ = __koru_leak_count.fetchSub(1, .monotonic);
}
}
const __koru_vtable = @import("std").mem.Allocator.VTable{ .alloc = __koru_alloc, .resize = __koru_resize, .remap = __koru_remap, .free = __koru_free };
pub fn koru_allocator() @import("std").mem.Allocator {
return .{ .ptr = undefined, .vtable = &__koru_vtable };
}
pub inline fn __koru_intcast(comptime T: type, x: anytype) T {
if (comptime (@import("builtin").mode == .Debug or @import("builtin").mode == .ReleaseSafe))
return @as(T, @intCast(x));
const dst = @typeInfo(T);
const src = @typeInfo(@TypeOf(x));
if (comptime (dst == .int and src == .int and dst.int.bits == src.int.bits and dst.int.signedness != src.int.signedness))
return @as(T, @bitCast(x));
return @as(T, @intCast(x));
}
pub fn koru_leak_check() void {
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode != .Debug) return;
if (__koru_leak_count.load(.acquire) == 0) return;
if (comptime @import("builtin").target.os.tag == .freestanding) {
if (comptime @import("builtin").cpu.arch == .wasm32 or @import("builtin").cpu.arch == .wasm64) {
@panic("KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: the produced program leaked");
} else {
const __klc = struct { extern var stdout: ?*anyopaque; extern fn fputs(__s: [*:0]const u8, __st: ?*anyopaque) c_int; };
var __lb: [128]u8 = undefined;
const __lm = "KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: allocations still outstanding at end of run: ";
@memcpy(__lb[0..__lm.len], __lm);
var __ln: usize = __lm.len;
var __lv = __koru_leak_count.load(.acquire);
var __ld: [20]u8 = undefined;
var __lk: usize = 0;
while (__lv > 0) : (__lk += 1) { __ld[__lk] = @intCast('0' + __lv % 10); __lv /= 10; }
for (0..__lk) |__li| { __lb[__ln] = __ld[__lk - 1 - __li]; __ln += 1; }
__lb[__ln] = '\n'; __ln += 1; __lb[__ln] = 0;
_ = __klc.fputs(@as([*:0]const u8, @ptrCast(&__lb)), __klc.stdout);
@trap();
}
} else {
@import("std").debug.print("KORU LEAK CHECK FAILED: the produced program leaked (trace above)\n", .{});
@import("std").process.exit(1);
}
}
pub const main_module = struct {
pub const fetch_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
id: i64,
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
found: struct {
name: []const u8,
age: i64,
},
missing: struct {
},
};
pub inline fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
return __koru_handler_impl(__koru_event_input.id);
}
fn __koru_handler_impl(__koru_p_0: i64) @This().Output {
const __koru_event_input: @This().Input = .{ .id = __koru_p_0 };
// >>> SUBFLOW: tests/regression/670_NESTING_SWEEP/670_070_variant_destructure_when_under_foreach/input.k:29
const id = __koru_event_input.id;
_ = &id;
_ = &__koru_event_input;
if (id == 1) {
{ return .{ .found = .{ .name = "lars", .age = 44 } };
}
} else {
{ return .{ .missing = .{ } };
}
}
}
};
// >>> FLOW: tests/regression/670_NESTING_SWEEP/670_070_variant_destructure_when_under_foreach/input.k:33 ~std.control:for()
pub fn flow0() void {
for (0..3) |__koru_item3| {
{ const i = __koru_item3; _ = &i; const result_e0_0 = main_module.fetch_event.handler(.{ .id = __koru_intcast(i64, i) });
_ = &result_e0_0;
switch (result_e0_0) {
.found => |__koru_dst| {
const name = __koru_dst.name; _ = &name; const age = __koru_dst.age; _ = &age;
if (age > 40) {
(struct { fn __kout(__fd: i32, __b: []const u8) void { if (@import("builtin").os.tag == .freestanding) { const __kc = struct { extern var stdout: ?*anyopaque; extern var stderr: ?*anyopaque; extern fn fputs(__s: [*:0]const u8, __st: ?*anyopaque) c_int; }; var __kt: [4096]u8 = undefined; for (0..(__b.len + __kt.len - 2) / (__kt.len - 1)) |__ki| { const __kn = @min(__kt.len - 1, __b.len - __ki * (__kt.len - 1)); @memcpy(__kt[0..__kn], __b[__ki * (__kt.len - 1)..][0..__kn]); __kt[__kn] = 0; @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(__kc.fputs(@as([*:0]const u8, @ptrCast(&__kt)), if (__fd == 2) __kc.stderr else __kc.stdout)); } } else { @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(@import("std").posix.write(__fd, __b) catch @as(usize, 0)); } } fn __kw(comptime __f: []const u8, __a: anytype) void { var __kb: [65536]u8 = undefined; const __ks = @import("std").fmt.bufPrint(&__kb, __f, __a) catch __kb[0..0]; __kout(1, __ks); } }).__kw("elder {s} {d}\n", .{name, age});
}
else {
(struct { fn __kout(__fd: i32, __b: []const u8) void { if (@import("builtin").os.tag == .freestanding) { const __kc = struct { extern var stdout: ?*anyopaque; extern var stderr: ?*anyopaque; extern fn fputs(__s: [*:0]const u8, __st: ?*anyopaque) c_int; }; var __kt: [4096]u8 = undefined; for (0..(__b.len + __kt.len - 2) / (__kt.len - 1)) |__ki| { const __kn = @min(__kt.len - 1, __b.len - __ki * (__kt.len - 1)); @memcpy(__kt[0..__kn], __b[__ki * (__kt.len - 1)..][0..__kn]); __kt[__kn] = 0; @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(__kc.fputs(@as([*:0]const u8, @ptrCast(&__kt)), if (__fd == 2) __kc.stderr else __kc.stdout)); } } else { @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(@import("std").posix.write(__fd, __b) catch @as(usize, 0)); } } fn __kw(comptime __f: []const u8, __a: anytype) void { var __kb: [65536]u8 = undefined; const __ks = @import("std").fmt.bufPrint(&__kb, __f, __a) catch __kb[0..0]; __kout(1, __ks); } }).__kw("younger {s} {d}\n", .{name, age});
}
},
// >>> BRANCH: tests/regression/670_NESTING_SWEEP/670_070_variant_destructure_when_under_foreach/input.k:37 | missing |>
.missing => {
(struct { fn __kout(__fd: i32, __b: []const u8) void { if (@import("builtin").os.tag == .freestanding) { const __kc = struct { extern var stdout: ?*anyopaque; extern var stderr: ?*anyopaque; extern fn fputs(__s: [*:0]const u8, __st: ?*anyopaque) c_int; }; var __kt: [4096]u8 = undefined; for (0..(__b.len + __kt.len - 2) / (__kt.len - 1)) |__ki| { const __kn = @min(__kt.len - 1, __b.len - __ki * (__kt.len - 1)); @memcpy(__kt[0..__kn], __b[__ki * (__kt.len - 1)..][0..__kn]); __kt[__kn] = 0; @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(__kc.fputs(@as([*:0]const u8, @ptrCast(&__kt)), if (__fd == 2) __kc.stderr else __kc.stdout)); } } else { @import("std").mem.doNotOptimizeAway(@import("std").posix.write(__fd, __b) catch @as(usize, 0)); } } fn __kw(comptime __f: []const u8, __a: anytype) void { var __kb: [65536]u8 = undefined; const __ks = @import("std").fmt.bufPrint(&__kb, __f, __a) catch __kb[0..0]; __kout(1, __ks); } }).__kw("nope\n", .{});
},
}
}
}
{ }
}
pub fn koru_start_flow() void {
const result_0 = koru_koru.start_event.handler(.{ });
const result_0_done = result_0.done;
_ = &result_0_done;
}
pub fn koru_end_flow() void {
const result_0 = koru_koru.end_event.handler(.{ });
const result_0_done = result_0.done;
_ = &result_0_done;
}
};
pub const koru_koru = struct {
pub const start_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
done: struct {
},
};
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return .{ .done = .{} };
}
};
pub const end_event = struct {
pub const Input = struct {
};
pub const Output = union(enum(u8)) {
done: struct {
},
};
pub fn handler(__koru_event_input: @This().Input) @This().Output {
_ = &__koru_event_input;
return .{ .done = .{} };
}
};
};
pub fn main() void {
main_module.koru_start_flow();
main_module.flow0();
main_module.koru_end_flow();
if (comptime @import("builtin").mode == .Debug) koru_leak_check();
}
test {
@import("std").testing.refAllDeclsRecursive(@This());
}
Emitted C# source
static class main_module {
public static void __koru_stdout_write(dynamic s) => global::System.Console.Out.Write(s);
public static void __koru_stderr_write(dynamic s) => global::System.Console.Error.Write(s);
// The mutable handle carrier — `*String`-style resources are
// `new __KoruBox { data = … }` because C# anonymous types are
// read-only: `s.data = …` (std/string append/clear, handle
// mutation generally) needs a settable member.
public class __KoruBox { public dynamic data; }
// Textification for `{{ … }}` operands: C# bool ToStrings as
// `True` where Koru prints `true`, and the operand's static type
// is unknown at this boundary — a `(x) is bool` inline test would
// be a compile error on statically-typed operands instead. Generic
// on purpose: `dynamic` boxed every value-type operand — measured
// ~1s/10M elements on 012_threat_scanner — while T specializes to
// the operand's own ToString() with no box.
public static string __koru_str<T>(T v) => v is bool b ? (b ? "true" : "false") : v?.ToString();
public static class fetch_event {
public struct Input {
public long id;
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public (string name, long age) found;
public dynamic missing;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) {
var id = __koru_input.id;
if (id == 1) {
{ return new Output { tag = "found", found = ( name: "lars", age: 44 ) };
}
} else {
{ return new Output { tag = "missing" };
}
}
return default;
}
}
public static class std_control_if_event {
public struct Input {
public dynamic expr;
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic then;
public dynamic @else;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) {
var expr = __koru_input.expr;
throw new global::System.Exception("if: |template| proc is inlined at call sites and must never be called");
}
}
public static class std_control_for_event {
public struct Input {
public dynamic expr;
public dynamic keep;
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic done;
}
public interface IOps {
void each(dynamic __koru_arg);
}
public static Output handler<H>(Input __koru_input, H ops) where H : struct, IOps {
void each(dynamic __koru_arg) => ops.each(__koru_arg);
var expr = __koru_input.expr;
var keep = __koru_input.keep;
throw new global::System.Exception("for: |template| proc is inlined at call sites and must never be called");
}
}
public static class koru_start_event {
public struct Input {
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic done;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) => new Output { tag = "done" };
}
public static class koru_end_event {
public struct Input {
}
public struct Output {
public string tag;
public dynamic done;
}
public static Output handler(Input __koru_input) => new Output { tag = "done" };
}
public static void flow0() {
for (long __koru_item3 = 0; __koru_item3 < 3; __koru_item3++) {
{ var i = __koru_item3; var result_0 = main_module.fetch_event.handler(new fetch_event.Input { id = (long)((long)((i)))});
var __matched_1 = false;
if (!__matched_1 && result_0.tag == "found") {
var name = result_0.found.name;
var age = result_0.found.age;
if (age > 40) {
__matched_1 = true;
__koru_stdout_write("elder " + __koru_str(name) + " " + __koru_str(age) + "\n");
}
}
if (!__matched_1 && result_0.tag == "found") {
var name = result_0.found.name;
var age = result_0.found.age;
__matched_1 = true;
__koru_stdout_write("younger " + __koru_str(name) + " " + __koru_str(age) + "\n");
}
if (!__matched_1 && result_0.tag == "missing") {
__matched_1 = true;
__koru_stdout_write("nope" + "\n");
}
}
}
{ }
}
public static void flow1() {
main_module.koru_start_event.handler(new koru_start_event.Input { });
}
public static void flow2() {
main_module.koru_end_event.handler(new koru_end_event.Input { });
}
}
static class Program {
static void Main() {
main_module.flow1();
main_module.flow0();
main_module.flow2();
}
}
Flows
subflow ~fetch click a branch to expand · @labels scroll to their anchor
if (id == 1)
flow ~for click a branch to expand · @labels scroll to their anchor
for (0..3)
Test Configuration
MUST_RUN LANGUAGES: zig cs